What route of administration refers to medication placed under the tongue?

The route of administration that refers specifically to medication placed under the tongue is sublingual. This method allows for rapid absorption of the medication into the bloodstream through the thin tissue underneath the tongue, bypassing the digestive system and liver, which can break down or alter the medication before it reaches systemic circulation. Sublingual administration is often used for medications that require quick onset of action or that are poorly absorbed when taken orally, such as nitroglycerin for angina relief.

In contrast, buccal administration involves placing medication between the gums and the inner lining of the cheek, which also allows for absorption, but is distinct from sublingual as it does not rely on being placed directly under the tongue. Rectal administration refers to medications administered via the rectum, which can be useful for patients who are unable to take medications orally, while oral administration encompasses the broad category of taking medication by mouth, typically swallowed, which involves the gastrointestinal tract for absorption.